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The interior of Munich Airport at night.
The interior of Munich Airport at night.
Terminal 1 of Munich Airport.
Terminal 1 of Munich Airport.
 Terminal 2 at Munich International Airport.
Terminal 2 at Munich International Airport.
Aerial view of Munich International Airport.
Aerial view of Munich International Airport.
Inside terminal 2 of Munich Airport.
Inside terminal 2 of Munich Airport.
Terminal building and control tower
Terminal building and control tower
Built on a large site in the modern era, MUC incorporates a more comprehensive infrastructure than most European airports.
Built on a large site in the modern era, MUC incorporates a more comprehensive infrastructure than most European airports.
 Munich Airport now handles more Lufthansa domestic flights than Frankfurt.
Munich Airport now handles more Lufthansa domestic flights than Frankfurt.
 The Maglev would enter the airport centre from the west near the present S-Bahn line, at the left of the spectator hill in this view.
The Maglev would enter the airport centre from the west near the present S-Bahn line, at the left of the spectator hill in this view.
Like many German airports, MUC provides extensive facilities for visitors and spectators.
Like many German airports, MUC provides extensive facilities for visitors and spectators.
 A response to greatly increased passenger numbers and freight tonnage, a third runway would be built on this north side of the present Munich Airport site.
A response to greatly increased passenger numbers and freight tonnage, a third runway would be built on this north side of the present Munich Airport site.
 Frankfurt Airport, owned by Fraport AG, is Germany's main airport hub.
Frankfurt Airport, owned by Fraport AG, is Germany's main airport hub.
The current runway capacity of 80 coordinated take offs and landings each hour falls short of the demand for up to 100 aircraft movements an hour.
The current runway capacity of 80 coordinated take offs and landings each hour falls short of the demand for up to 100 aircraft movements an hour.
About 15% of slot requests during peak traffic periods cannot be met at present.
About 15% of slot requests during peak traffic periods cannot be met at present.
 The projects underway in 2005 for expanding capacity at Frankfurt include the construction of a new landing runway, a third passenger terminal (Terminal 3) and a new maintenance hangar for A380 long-haul wide-body aircraft.
The projects underway in 2005 for expanding capacity at Frankfurt include the construction of a new landing runway, a third passenger terminal (Terminal 3) and a new maintenance hangar for A380 long-haul wide-body aircraft.
The fourth runway will run parallel to two older runways but still allow simultaneous operation.
The fourth runway will run parallel to two older runways but still allow simultaneous operation.
 By 2015, FRA will be able to serve well over 80 million passengers per year and about 2.8t of air cargo.
By 2015, FRA will be able to serve well over 80 million passengers per year and about 2.8t of air cargo.
 Following a positive outcome in February 2006, construction of Berlin-Brandenburg International Airport will start in mid-2006 and be completed by 2011.
Following a positive outcome in February 2006, construction of Berlin-Brandenburg International Airport will start in mid-2006 and be completed by 2011.
Layout of Berlin Schoenfeld Airport prior to expansion into the BBI.
Layout of Berlin Schoenfeld Airport prior to expansion into the BBI.
 A 1.9km seepage basin has been constructed south of the current airport to handle wastewater from the construction site and prevent contamination of the groundwater.
A 1.9km seepage basin has been constructed south of the current airport to handle wastewater from the construction site and prevent contamination of the groundwater.
 Two villages will be displaced by the new airport. Archaeologists have been brought in to dig for any important findings before the site is lost forever beneath runway construction.
Two villages will be displaced by the new airport. Archaeologists have been brought in to dig for any important findings before the site is lost forever beneath runway construction.
Layout of the new Berlin-Brandenburg International Airport.
Layout of the new Berlin-Brandenburg International Airport.
 The new Berlin-Brandenburg terminal will be midfield between two parallel runways.
The new Berlin-Brandenburg terminal will be midfield between two parallel runways.
 An aerial plan showing the vicinity of the airport to Berlin.
An aerial plan showing the vicinity of the airport to Berlin.
Berlin-Brandenburg's InfoTower with its innovative architecture.
Berlin-Brandenburg's InfoTower with its innovative architecture.
 The Berlin-Brandenburg terminal building will have seven levels.
The Berlin-Brandenburg terminal building will have seven levels.
 Berlin-Brandenburg Airport will have excellent integrated transport facilities with a railway station under the terminal building.
Berlin-Brandenburg Airport will have excellent integrated transport facilities with a railway station under the terminal building.
Francisco SA Carneiro Airport's new terminal building cost €108m.
Francisco SA Carneiro Airport's new terminal building cost €108m.
 The innovative skylights in the roof of Oporto Airport.
The innovative skylights in the roof of Oporto Airport.
 The roof structure was very complex but was engineered by WS Atkins.
The roof structure was very complex but was engineered by WS Atkins.
Cables to brace the structure were provided by Macalloy.
Cables to brace the structure were provided by Macalloy.
 The new terminal gates at Francisco SA Carneiro Airport will mean more capacity.
The new terminal gates at Francisco SA Carneiro Airport will mean more capacity.
 The terminal has allowed space to provide facilities for over six million passengers a year.
The terminal has allowed space to provide facilities for over six million passengers a year.
The departures area of the new terminal at Frederic Chopin Airport is finished but has failed its fire safety inspection.
The departures area of the new terminal at Frederic Chopin Airport is finished but has failed its fire safety inspection.
 Frederic Chopin International's T2 has been integrated with the older terminal one built in 1992.
Frederic Chopin International's T2 has been integrated with the older terminal one built in 1992.
 The façade of Frederic Chopin Airport's Terminal two.
The façade of Frederic Chopin Airport's Terminal two.
The project has included apron and runway improvements.
The project has included apron and runway improvements.
 The new check-in area will add 89 check-in areas to Frederic Chopin International's arrivals halls.
The new check-in area will add 89 check-in areas to Frederic Chopin International's arrivals halls.
 The front of the new terminal building at Copernicus Airport with landscaped areas for passengers to relax.
The front of the new terminal building at Copernicus Airport with landscaped areas for passengers to relax.
The arrangement of airbridges, gates and apron at the new terminal building.
The arrangement of airbridges, gates and apron at the new terminal building.
 The design of Copernicus Airport's new terminal building.
The design of Copernicus Airport's new terminal building.
 An aerial view of Copernicus Airport, showing the position of the old terminal, the proposed site of the new terminal and the road connections.
An aerial view of Copernicus Airport, showing the position of the old terminal, the proposed site of the new terminal and the road connections.
The check-in concourse of the new terminal.
The check-in concourse of the new terminal.
 New terminal air bridges for passenger convenience.
New terminal air bridges for passenger convenience.
 The Copernicus Airport new terminal retail concourse.
The Copernicus Airport new terminal retail concourse.
The ATC tower.
The ATC tower.
 The existing terminal building completed in 1998.
The existing terminal building completed in 1998.
 The City of Murcia will benefit economically from the Corovera Airport development, as will the entire region.
The City of Murcia will benefit economically from the Corovera Airport development, as will the entire region.
Murcia hopes to triple the number of visitors as a result of Corovera Airport but a great deal of other infrastructure is being improved as well in the period leading to 2020.
Murcia hopes to triple the number of visitors as a result of Corovera Airport but a great deal of other infrastructure is being improved as well in the period leading to 2020.
 The region of Murcia is seeing an unprecedented number of golf courses being developed.
The region of Murcia is seeing an unprecedented number of golf courses being developed.
 Murcia is in the south of Spain but away from the coast in more hilly regions.
Murcia is in the south of Spain but away from the coast in more hilly regions.
Murcia is currently served by two airports but a third will bring a new influx of visitors.
Murcia is currently served by two airports but a third will bring a new influx of visitors.
 The Skylink ATC tower completed in 2006 is 109m tall.
The Skylink ATC tower completed in 2006 is 109m tall.
 A plan view of Skylink at Vienna International Airport.
A plan view of Skylink at Vienna International Airport.
The new Skylink terminal extension departures drop-off area.
The new Skylink terminal extension departures drop-off area.
 Skylink check-in at Vienna International Airport.
Skylink check-in at Vienna International Airport.
 The Skylink construction site in 2006.
The Skylink construction site in 2006.
Skylink will increase Vienna International Airport's capacity to 24 million passengers a year.
Skylink will increase Vienna International Airport's capacity to 24 million passengers a year.
 Construction has continued while the airport is still in operation.
Construction has continued while the airport is still in operation.
 Vienna International's new pier will have 51 gates.
Vienna International's new pier will have 51 gates.
Skylink will have a distinctive curved shape.
Skylink will have a distinctive curved shape.
 Liège is one of the pre-eminent cargo airports in Europe.
Liège is one of the pre-eminent cargo airports in Europe.
 Liège Airport has exceptional cargo-handling facilities.
Liège Airport has exceptional cargo-handling facilities.
The master plan detailing work currently underway at Liège Airport.
The master plan detailing work currently underway at Liège Airport.
 A new passenger terminal was opened at Liège Airport in 2005.
A new passenger terminal was opened at Liège Airport in 2005.
 Liège's new terminal has capacity for one million passengers.
Liège's new terminal has capacity for one million passengers.
The terminal handles mostly holiday charter flights but even this area of Liège Airport's business is expanding.
The terminal handles mostly holiday charter flights but even this area of Liège Airport's business is expanding.
 The new passenger terminals cost €26m to construct and outfit.
The new passenger terminals cost €26m to construct and outfit.
 The Belfast City Airport terminal building opened in summer 2001.
The Belfast City Airport terminal building opened in summer 2001.
Belfast City Airport adjoins premises of former owner Bombardier and the landmark Harland and Wolff shipyard.
Belfast City Airport adjoins premises of former owner Bombardier and the landmark Harland and Wolff shipyard.
 The open areas of Belfast City Airport give the terminal great operational flexibility.
The open areas of Belfast City Airport give the terminal great operational flexibility.
 Landside public areas at BCA are spacious and provide views of airport operation.
Landside public areas at BCA are spacious and provide views of airport operation.
The largest City Airport operator is Flybe – one of their Embraer 195s at Belfast.
The largest City Airport operator is Flybe – one of their Embraer 195s at Belfast.
 Ryanair's 737-800s are amongst the types subject to take-off restrictions caused by runway length at Belfast City Airport.
Ryanair's 737-800s are amongst the types subject to take-off restrictions caused by runway length at Belfast City Airport.
 Although rail services to Belfast City Airport are improved and a request shuttle is available, air-rail interchange would benefit from a halt nearer the present terminal.
Although rail services to Belfast City Airport are improved and a request shuttle is available, air-rail interchange would benefit from a halt nearer the present terminal.
Over 95% of air transport for a resurgent Northern Ireland is handled by Belfast's two airports.
Over 95% of air transport for a resurgent Northern Ireland is handled by Belfast's two airports.
 Only two miles from City Airport, central Belfast illustrates renewed confidence in the commercial sector.
Only two miles from City Airport, central Belfast illustrates renewed confidence in the commercial sector.
 Like most UK airports, security considerations have removed vehicle traffic from outside of Birmingham International terminal buildings.
Like most UK airports, security considerations have removed vehicle traffic from outside of Birmingham International terminal buildings.
Birmingham International (BIA) has origins in the late 1930s.
Birmingham International (BIA) has origins in the late 1930s.
 The original passenger facilities at Birmingham Airport were on the opposite side of the runway from the present terminals.
The original passenger facilities at Birmingham Airport were on the opposite side of the runway from the present terminals.
 Birmingham International boasts easy access between its two terminals.
Birmingham International boasts easy access between its two terminals.
BIA expansion plans include extending from this end of terminal two.
BIA expansion plans include extending from this end of terminal two.
 Terminal two offers views of airport operations.
Terminal two offers views of airport operations.
 Birmingham's air-rail link carries passengers between the airport, the railway station and NEC.
Birmingham's air-rail link carries passengers between the airport, the railway station and NEC.
BIA is unusual in the UK, having a mainline railway station, which also serves the nearby National Exhibition Centre.
BIA is unusual in the UK, having a mainline railway station, which also serves the nearby National Exhibition Centre.
 Low-cost operator flybe has a strong presence at BIA.
Low-cost operator flybe has a strong presence at BIA.
 Following the upgrade, Paphos Airport will be able to handle 2.7 million passengers a year.
Following the upgrade, Paphos Airport will be able to handle 2.7 million passengers a year.
Paphos International Airport's new terminal building is 20,000ft².
Paphos International Airport's new terminal building is 20,000ft².
 Passenger numbers at Paphos Airport are increasing by 3.5% to 4% a year.
Passenger numbers at Paphos Airport are increasing by 3.5% to 4% a year.
 Hermes Airports Ltd has the concession to operate Paphos Airport for 25 years.
Hermes Airports Ltd has the concession to operate Paphos Airport for 25 years.
The runway extension at Paphos International means that larger aircraft can be handled at the airport.
The runway extension at Paphos International means that larger aircraft can be handled at the airport.
 The opening of Manchester's second runway was an important stage of the airport's development.
The opening of Manchester's second runway was an important stage of the airport's development.
 Manchester Airport's new control tower should be in operation by 2009.
Manchester Airport's new control tower should be in operation by 2009.
The much-expanded and upgraded terminal one is Manchester's busiest.
The much-expanded and upgraded terminal one is Manchester's busiest.
 To cope with rising passenger numbers, Manchester's terminal two may be extended at the western end.
To cope with rising passenger numbers, Manchester's terminal two may be extended at the western end.
 A new platform will help reduce this type of 'stacking' caused by the lack of space at Manchester Airport station.
A new platform will help reduce this type of 'stacking' caused by the lack of space at Manchester Airport station.
The central transport hub ('The Station') is linked at high level by walkways to the Manchester Airport terminals.
The central transport hub ('The Station') is linked at high level by walkways to the Manchester Airport terminals.
 Manchester's 'World Freight Terminal' handles many scheduled services from the Far East.
Manchester's 'World Freight Terminal' handles many scheduled services from the Far East.
 The east of terminal three (back right) offers space for extension.
The east of terminal three (back right) offers space for extension.
A ground transport plan target is for Metrolink light rail to reach the airport site to encourage higher use of public transport.
A ground transport plan target is for Metrolink light rail to reach the airport site to encourage higher use of public transport.
 Space for a people-mover connection to Luton Airport's mainline railway station was provided alongside the new access road.
Space for a people-mover connection to Luton Airport's mainline railway station was provided alongside the new access road.
 The 1999 terminal (centre right) accommodates check-in and retail functions previously in the 1985 terminal (centre left).
The 1999 terminal (centre right) accommodates check-in and retail functions previously in the 1985 terminal (centre left).
A recently added business model is represented by business-class operator Silverjet.
A recently added business model is represented by business-class operator Silverjet.
 Adding more gates and improved airside facilities, the new terminal also closed Luton Airport's original access road.
Adding more gates and improved airside facilities, the new terminal also closed Luton Airport's original access road.
 Although a compact site, LLA has extensive support facilities, including Monarch Aircraft Engineering (pictured).
Although a compact site, LLA has extensive support facilities, including Monarch Aircraft Engineering (pictured).
Luton-based EasyJet is the main low-cost operator at the airport.
Luton-based EasyJet is the main low-cost operator at the airport.
 Luton has a cargo terminal and fixed-base operations of Harrods Aviation and Signature Flight Support.
Luton has a cargo terminal and fixed-base operations of Harrods Aviation and Signature Flight Support.
 Withdrawal of the LLA Master Plan in 2007 appears to have lifted the threat to the rural landscape east of Luton.
Withdrawal of the LLA Master Plan in 2007 appears to have lifted the threat to the rural landscape east of Luton.
Copenhagen has developed a revolutionary baggage handling system.
Copenhagen has developed a revolutionary baggage handling system.
 Copenhagen Airport is adjacent to the E20 motorway.
Copenhagen Airport is adjacent to the E20 motorway.
 The new aircraft control tower uses a system developed in Canada.
The new aircraft control tower uses a system developed in Canada.
Copenhagen Airport hosted over 21 million passengers in 2007.
Copenhagen Airport hosted over 21 million passengers in 2007.
 Copenhagen Airport is one of three main hubs for SAS.
Copenhagen Airport is one of three main hubs for SAS.
 A feature of pier C, designed by Holm and Grut Architects, which opened in 2001.
A feature of pier C, designed by Holm and Grut Architects, which opened in 2001.
The 'Hemicycle' of the new hall D at Toulouse-Blagnac Airport.
The 'Hemicycle' of the new hall D at Toulouse-Blagnac Airport.
 The front entrance of Toulouse Airport.
The front entrance of Toulouse Airport.
 Toulouse-Blagnac Airport has four major projects underway.
Toulouse-Blagnac Airport has four major projects underway.
Hall A was the first part to be refurbished prior to the Grande Travaux 2009 initiative.
Hall A was the first part to be refurbished prior to the Grande Travaux 2009 initiative.
 Toulouse-Blagnac Airport will have more terminal boarding gates following the improvements.
Toulouse-Blagnac Airport will have more terminal boarding gates following the improvements.
 An aerial view of the Toulouse terminal building following the improvements.
An aerial view of the Toulouse terminal building following the improvements.
Toulouse-Blagnac Airport is the fourth largest in France and is a major hub for the South of France.
Toulouse-Blagnac Airport is the fourth largest in France and is a major hub for the South of France.
 Düsseldorf International is the third largest airport in Germany.
Düsseldorf International is the third largest airport in Germany.
 The completed Terminus was completed and opened on 1 July 2001.
The completed Terminus was completed and opened on 1 July 2001.
Düsseldorf Airport services 45,000 passengers and handles 500 major goods on a daily basis.
Düsseldorf Airport services 45,000 passengers and handles 500 major goods on a daily basis.
 The new terminal building at Düsseldorf International Airport.
The new terminal building at Düsseldorf International Airport.
 The site is intensively developed along the southern edge. The emerging Airport City project is towards the extreme right.
The site is intensively developed along the southern edge. The emerging Airport City project is towards the extreme right.
The main terminal complex houses the Skytrain western terminal at high level, (top left in this view) and the S-Bahn station beneath.
The main terminal complex houses the Skytrain western terminal at high level, (top left in this view) and the S-Bahn station beneath.
 New facilities built to replace those destroyed in 1996 have high levels of security and emergency access.
New facilities built to replace those destroyed in 1996 have high levels of security and emergency access.
 The 2.5km Skytrain link runs along the southern edge of the site.
The 2.5km Skytrain link runs along the southern edge of the site.
The project included this terminal incorporating the main line railway station and Skytrain terminus.
The project included this terminal incorporating the main line railway station and Skytrain terminus.
 With the removal of check-in desks, the station terminal’s facilities are mainly used by visitors to the observation area.
With the removal of check-in desks, the station terminal’s facilities are mainly used by visitors to the observation area.
 With the acquisition of LTU, the Air Berlin group became the main operator at Düsseldorf International.
With the acquisition of LTU, the Air Berlin group became the main operator at Düsseldorf International.
Gardermoen Airport, near Oslo in Norway, was built in 1994 with design capacity for 17 million passengers per year.
Gardermoen Airport, near Oslo in Norway, was built in 1994 with design capacity for 17 million passengers per year.
 For departures and transfer baggage, a destination-coded vehicle system called Bagtrax was integrated to allow common check-in.
For departures and transfer baggage, a destination-coded vehicle system called Bagtrax was integrated to allow common check-in.
 The check-in comprises 64 positions for standard baggage, divided into three islands.
The check-in comprises 64 positions for standard baggage, divided into three islands.
Through the use of Bagtrax it is possible to transport transfer baggage from one pier to the other pier within five minutes.
Through the use of Bagtrax it is possible to transport transfer baggage from one pier to the other pier within five minutes.
 Gardermoen Airport near Oslo is managed by Oslo Lufthavn AS (OSLE).
Gardermoen Airport near Oslo is managed by Oslo Lufthavn AS (OSLE).
The undulating roof of Gardermoen's main terminal building.
The undulating roof of Gardermoen's main terminal building.
Structural steel in the airport building.
Structural steel in the airport building.
 The roof of the central building has ten pairs of wooden beams each supported by three solid columns.
The roof of the central building has ten pairs of wooden beams each supported by three solid columns.
 Internal decoration of Gardermoen Airport's terminal building.
Internal decoration of Gardermoen Airport's terminal building.
Satellite image of Sheremetyevo International Airport.
Satellite image of Sheremetyevo International Airport.
 Bremerhaven local airport is being upgraded to become a regional airport.
Bremerhaven local airport is being upgraded to become a regional airport.
 Bremerhaven is on the north German coast.
Bremerhaven is on the north German coast.
Bremerhaven airport's terminal building.
Bremerhaven airport's terminal building.
 The runway at Bremerhaven airport was upgraded to handle more domestic flights.
The runway at Bremerhaven airport was upgraded to handle more domestic flights.
 Pilots gained experience of the precision approach landing system installed at Bremerhaven during the testing phase.
Pilots gained experience of the precision approach landing system installed at Bremerhaven during the testing phase.
Runway lighting at Bremerhaven airport was upgraded.
Runway lighting at Bremerhaven airport was upgraded.
 Heathrow air traffic control tower construction.
Heathrow air traffic control tower construction.
 Heathrow ATC tower cab movement.
Heathrow ATC tower cab movement.
Heathrow ATC tower showing cable stays.
Heathrow ATC tower showing cable stays.
 The UK National Air Traffic Services (NATS) has installed a BEST ATC Tower Simulator from Micro Nav for London Heathrow Airport.
The UK National Air Traffic Services (NATS) has installed a BEST ATC Tower Simulator from Micro Nav for London Heathrow Airport.
 The 87m-high ATC tower at London Heathrow.
The 87m-high ATC tower at London Heathrow.
Athens International Airport, about 30km east of Athens, Greece, was officially opened in March 2001.
Athens International Airport, about 30km east of Athens, Greece, was officially opened in March 2001.
 The owner of the new airport is Athens International Airport SA, with 55% of shares held by the Greek state, and the rest owned by a private consortium.
The owner of the new airport is Athens International Airport SA, with 55% of shares held by the Greek state, and the rest owned by a private consortium.
 The airport is designed with two parallel runways enabling simultaneous take-offs and landings, which are connected to a double taxiway system.
The airport is designed with two parallel runways enabling simultaneous take-offs and landings, which are connected to a double taxiway system.
Private Greek contractors undertook around 70% of the construction work.
Private Greek contractors undertook around 70% of the construction work.
 The new main terminal at Athens International Airport has a total floor surface of 150,000m² on four levels and can service around 10 million passengers a year.
The new main terminal at Athens International Airport has a total floor surface of 150,000m² on four levels and can service around 10 million passengers a year.
 The baggage handling system involved the installation of 144 check-in counters, 16 racetracks and two tilt tray sorters as well as around 3,000m of belt conveyors.
The baggage handling system involved the installation of 144 check-in counters, 16 racetracks and two tilt tray sorters as well as around 3,000m of belt conveyors.
The airport can handle 65 take-offs and landings per hour, or 600 per day. Capacity could be expanded to accommodate 50 million passengers a year.
The airport can handle 65 take-offs and landings per hour, or 600 per day. Capacity could be expanded to accommodate 50 million passengers a year.
 Upon completion, the new airport's final capacity was 16 million passengers a year and 220,000t/yr of cargo.
Upon completion, the new airport's final capacity was 16 million passengers a year and 220,000t/yr of cargo.
 The interchange at the Attiki Odos near the Athens International Airport.
The interchange at the Attiki Odos near the Athens International Airport.
Decoration outside the main Eleftherios Venizelos terminal building in in keeping with the Greek heritage of the airport.
Decoration outside the main Eleftherios Venizelos terminal building in in keeping with the Greek heritage of the airport.
 Passengers and cargo levels are increasing rapidly at Portela Airport in Lisbon. This heavy usage has necessitated several schemes to enhance capacity.
Passengers and cargo levels are increasing rapidly at Portela Airport in Lisbon. This heavy usage has necessitated several schemes to enhance capacity.
 The national airport authority, ANA Aeroportos de Portugal, has announced that Lisbon's international airport at Portela will have 50% more capacity once proposed work has been concluded.
The national airport authority, ANA Aeroportos de Portugal, has announced that Lisbon's international airport at Portela will have 50% more capacity once proposed work has been concluded.
A study by ANA Aeroportos de Portugal and EUROCONTROL showed that the airport had overly complex ground circulation, two crossing runways (one with operational restrictions), no parallel taxiway running the full length of the runways, high runway occupancy and unsuitable runway exits.
A study by ANA Aeroportos de Portugal and EUROCONTROL showed that the airport had overly complex ground circulation, two crossing runways (one with operational restrictions), no parallel taxiway running the full length of the runways, high runway occupancy and unsuitable runway exits.
 To meet the anticipated increase in traffic, ABB Airport Systems was contracted to install a new flight information and gate and position allocation system.
To meet the anticipated increase in traffic, ABB Airport Systems was contracted to install a new flight information and gate and position allocation system.
 The first raft of improvements led to an increase in the number of aircraft movements from 30 per hour to 40 per hour during 2004-05.
The first raft of improvements led to an increase in the number of aircraft movements from 30 per hour to 40 per hour during 2004-05.
The runway at London Heathrow Airport.
The runway at London Heathrow Airport.
One of the six second-phase trams at Piccadilly Gardens in Manchester city centre.
One of the six second-phase trams at Piccadilly Gardens in Manchester city centre.
 The route at this point mixes closely with heavily-used bus and pedestrian routes.
The route at this point mixes closely with heavily-used bus and pedestrian routes.
Each of the new trams has a section with tip-up seats where a wheelchair can be accommodated.
Each of the new trams has a section with tip-up seats where a wheelchair can be accommodated.
 A Metrolink tram near Manchester Piccadilly rail terminus.
A Metrolink tram near Manchester Piccadilly rail terminus.
 Second-tranche tram at Broadway, the temporary terminus on the line to Eccles.
Second-tranche tram at Broadway, the temporary terminus on the line to Eccles.
A notice displayed at Broadway, advising users of the latest progress on the extension to Eccles.
A notice displayed at Broadway, advising users of the latest progress on the extension to Eccles.
 The route of the Heathrow Express.
The route of the Heathrow Express.
 Construction work on the 5-mile tunnel section of the line under the airport.
Construction work on the 5-mile tunnel section of the line under the airport.
Completed section of the 5-mile tunnel.
Completed section of the 5-mile tunnel.
 Heathrow Express trains run for much of their journey along the Great Western main-line.
Heathrow Express trains run for much of their journey along the Great Western main-line.
 The trains' sliding doors provide almost level platform access.
The trains' sliding doors provide almost level platform access.
The Heathrow Express class 332 train from Siemens undergoing a programme of trials.
The Heathrow Express class 332 train from Siemens undergoing a programme of trials.
 Heathrow Express passenger coach interior.
Heathrow Express passenger coach interior.
 The route of the Gardermoen Airport link.
The route of the Gardermoen Airport link.
The 16 new three-car class 71 EMU trains for Gardermoen services are derived from the Swedish SJ class X2-2
The 16 new three-car class 71 EMU trains for Gardermoen services are derived from the Swedish SJ class X2-2
 The aerodynamic nose of the class 71 EMU high-speed train.
The aerodynamic nose of the class 71 EMU high-speed train.
 Track laying and welding for the new Gardermoen rail link.
Track laying and welding for the new Gardermoen rail link.
Inside the passenger compartment.
Inside the passenger compartment.
 The railway is electrified at 15kV, laid to German ICE 200km/h standards and is all double-track except for 3.5km close to the junction at Eidsvoll.
The railway is electrified at 15kV, laid to German ICE 200km/h standards and is all double-track except for 3.5km close to the junction at Eidsvoll.
 The Gardermoen Airport train station under construction.
The Gardermoen Airport train station under construction.
The Gardermoen railway class 71 EMU high-speed train.
The Gardermoen railway class 71 EMU high-speed train.
 The section of line from Eidsvoll to Lillestrom via the airport is completely new.
The section of line from Eidsvoll to Lillestrom via the airport is completely new.
 The Eidsvoll station terminal platform.
The Eidsvoll station terminal platform.
The Arlanda link comprises 40km of track.
The Arlanda link comprises 40km of track.
 Seven new four-car units have been built by ALSTOM.
Seven new four-car units have been built by ALSTOM.
 The Arlanda Express opened in time for the new millennium.
The Arlanda Express opened in time for the new millennium.
Spacious interiors, colourful designs and wide windows allow for luxurious travel.
Spacious interiors, colourful designs and wide windows allow for luxurious travel.
 A CAD image of the proposed upgrading of part of Stockholm Central station.
A CAD image of the proposed upgrading of part of Stockholm Central station.
 The airport station will be utilised by both SJ and airport train services.
The airport station will be utilised by both SJ and airport train services.
EMUs built by ALSTOM are currently involved in track trials.
EMUs built by ALSTOM are currently involved in track trials.
 How the new terminal at Bilbao Airport will look.
How the new terminal at Bilbao Airport will look.
The air traffic control tower at Bilbao Airport.
The air traffic control tower at Bilbao Airport.
Impression of Bilbao Airport from a flight simulator.
Impression of Bilbao Airport from a flight simulator.
Aerial view of Bilbao (Sondika) Airport.
Aerial view of Bilbao (Sondika) Airport.
Drawing of Bilbao (Sondika) Airport.
Drawing of Bilbao (Sondika) Airport.
EuroAirport invested €345 million in expansion work over seven years.
EuroAirport invested €345 million in expansion work over seven years.
 Construction of the Southern terminal showing the internal supports and the roof.
Construction of the Southern terminal showing the internal supports and the roof.
 EuroAirport is operated by both Swiss and French authorities.
EuroAirport is operated by both Swiss and French authorities.
The completed southern terminal showing the glazed pyramids in the roof.
The completed southern terminal showing the glazed pyramids in the roof.
 The new 'Y'-shaped finger dock at EuroAirport.
The new 'Y'-shaped finger dock at EuroAirport.
 Inside the main southern terminal concourse.
Inside the main southern terminal concourse.
Aeroplanes parked at new EuroAirport Terminal 6.
Aeroplanes parked at new EuroAirport Terminal 6.
 The southern terminal check in area.
The southern terminal check in area.
 An airplane arriving at EuroAirport.
An airplane arriving at EuroAirport.
The 'Y' shaped finger dock allows passengers to reach their planes on foot via the shortest route.
The 'Y' shaped finger dock allows passengers to reach their planes on foot via the shortest route.
 Artist's impression of the new terminal five at Heathrow Airport. Phase one of the project is scheduled to be completed and opened by April 2008 with the second phase opening in 2011.
Artist's impression of the new terminal five at Heathrow Airport. Phase one of the project is scheduled to be completed and opened by April 2008 with the second phase opening in 2011.
 Aerial view of T5 showing the proximity of the M25.
Aerial view of T5 showing the proximity of the M25.
Terminal five interchange area.
Terminal five interchange area.
 Main terminal interior view (concourse A).
Main terminal interior view (concourse A).
 Overview of the T5 site.
Overview of the T5 site.
Aerial view of Heathrow airport in 2001. The terminal five project is requiring an estimated investment of over £4.2bn.
Aerial view of Heathrow airport in 2001. The terminal five project is requiring an estimated investment of over £4.2bn.
 The present Heathrow Airport is heavily congested as a result of the delays to the terminal five project.
The present Heathrow Airport is heavily congested as a result of the delays to the terminal five project.
 By building terminal five, air traffic levels are expected to increase to accommodate an extra 30 million customers each year.
By building terminal five, air traffic levels are expected to increase to accommodate an extra 30 million customers each year.
T5 is on schedule to open in March 2008.
T5 is on schedule to open in March 2008.
 The new Heathrow terminal will be able to handle over 27 million passengers a year.
The new Heathrow terminal will be able to handle over 27 million passengers a year.
 The T5 roof weighs 18,500t and is held up by 22 supports.
The T5 roof weighs 18,500t and is held up by 22 supports.
Heathrow's new terminal is undergoing extensive testing in the run up to the opening day.
Heathrow's new terminal is undergoing extensive testing in the run up to the opening day.
 The departures area in Sofia Airport.
The departures area in Sofia Airport.
The departures terminal from the outside.
The departures terminal from the outside.
The arrivals area in Sofia Airport.
The arrivals area in Sofia Airport.
An external view of the arrivals area.
An external view of the arrivals area.
Sofia Airport's new terminal frontage is very attractive.
Sofia Airport's new terminal frontage is very attractive.
The concourse of Sofia's new terminal two.
The concourse of Sofia's new terminal two.
 A model of the new terminal on display at Sofia Airport in 2004.
A model of the new terminal on display at Sofia Airport in 2004.
 Sofia Airport is the main hub for Bulgarian Airways.
Sofia Airport is the main hub for Bulgarian Airways.
Sofia Airport is now in a position to handle the increase in tourism passenger numbers.
Sofia Airport is now in a position to handle the increase in tourism passenger numbers.
 Billund Airport completed its expansion in May 2002.
Billund Airport completed its expansion in May 2002.
 The constant upgrading of the airport means that the facility offers reliability to those airlines using the airport.
The constant upgrading of the airport means that the facility offers reliability to those airlines using the airport.
The new terminal has ten aircraft parking stands linked by airbridges to the building.
The new terminal has ten aircraft parking stands linked by airbridges to the building.
 The terminal is on a site north of the runway, and has plenty of space for future airport facilities.
The terminal is on a site north of the runway, and has plenty of space for future airport facilities.
 Passengers are able to check-in from any desk to any destination without limitation.
Passengers are able to check-in from any desk to any destination without limitation.
The system will also incorporate a 100% hold baggage-screening programme using equipment from the US supplier, Vivid.
The system will also incorporate a 100% hold baggage-screening programme using equipment from the US supplier, Vivid.
 Terminal Two at Charles de Gaulle Airport.
Terminal Two at Charles de Gaulle Airport.
Diagram explaining the causes behind the collapse of the roof of Terminal 2E.
Diagram explaining the causes behind the collapse of the roof of Terminal 2E.
Charles de Gaulle Airport is one of the busiest in Europe.
Charles de Gaulle Airport is one of the busiest in Europe.
Hall F's departure area.
Hall F's departure area.
A future transportation mode for inter-terminal travel is currently being tested. The system is located between halls C and F.
A future transportation mode for inter-terminal travel is currently being tested. The system is located between halls C and F.
Terminal Two at Charles de Gaulle Airport.
Terminal Two at Charles de Gaulle Airport.
Terminal One is a complex circular building with seven satellites designed to allow as many planes as possible to park around them.
Terminal One is a complex circular building with seven satellites designed to allow as many planes as possible to park around them.
 Earlier Stansted Airport development was on the north side of runway 05/23.
Earlier Stansted Airport development was on the north side of runway 05/23.
Stansted's award-winning design remains distinctive and effective.
Stansted's award-winning design remains distinctive and effective.
 The terminal's flexible interior space divides arrivals and departures laterally.
The terminal's flexible interior space divides arrivals and departures laterally.
 Stansted airside connections to gates are by foot or people mover.
Stansted airside connections to gates are by foot or people mover.
Westinghouse-type automatic people mover vehicles operate on a loop beneath two of the piers.
Westinghouse-type automatic people mover vehicles operate on a loop beneath two of the piers.
 Low-cost carriers account for over 80% of passengers using London Stansted Airport.
Low-cost carriers account for over 80% of passengers using London Stansted Airport.
 Unusually for a UK airport, the modern Stansted development included a railway connection.
Unusually for a UK airport, the modern Stansted development included a railway connection.
Ramps give access from the main terminal level to car parks and the railway station.
Ramps give access from the main terminal level to car parks and the railway station.
 Stansted expansion plans are meeting strong resistance that draws upon environmental implications for this rural area.
Stansted expansion plans are meeting strong resistance that draws upon environmental implications for this rural area.
 Between 1985 and 2000, the growth rate in passenger movements at Larnaca International Airport was higher than the European Union average. As a result of this, and anticipated further growth, the airport is constructing a new terminal.
Between 1985 and 2000, the growth rate in passenger movements at Larnaca International Airport was higher than the European Union average. As a result of this, and anticipated further growth, the airport is constructing a new terminal.
The airport has 30 international airlines and 30 charter airlines using it at present. One of the major operators is Cyprus Airways who have a significant stake in the duty free and retail operations at the airport.
The airport has 30 international airlines and 30 charter airlines using it at present. One of the major operators is Cyprus Airways who have a significant stake in the duty free and retail operations at the airport.
 Larnaca International Airport will also get a new road link.
Larnaca International Airport will also get a new road link.
Larnaca International Airport is the largest in Cyprus, and a key destination for holidaymakers going to the popular resort of Ayia Napa, just 46km from the airport's location.
Larnaca International Airport is the largest in Cyprus, and a key destination for holidaymakers going to the popular resort of Ayia Napa, just 46km from the airport's location.
The old terminal at Larnaca International Airport is due to be turned into a cargo facility when the new terminal opens in 2009.
The old terminal at Larnaca International Airport is due to be turned into a cargo facility when the new terminal opens in 2009.
 The fifth expansion aimed to transform Zurich airport into a truly world-leading air-transport hub.
The fifth expansion aimed to transform Zurich airport into a truly world-leading air-transport hub.
 The airside centre forms the centrepiece of the fifth expansion project.
The airside centre forms the centrepiece of the fifth expansion project.
The airside centre provides a connection between terminals A and B, and is the central hub of Zurich International Airport.
The airside centre provides a connection between terminals A and B, and is the central hub of Zurich International Airport.
 The new midfield pier was designed to improve passenger processing, from terminals A and B to airside.
The new midfield pier was designed to improve passenger processing, from terminals A and B to airside.
Skymetro is an air-cushioned Automated People Mover (APM) transport system which links the airside centre and midfield pier.
Skymetro is an air-cushioned Automated People Mover (APM) transport system which links the airside centre and midfield pier.
A robotic baggage loading system was installed at Zurich in 2004 for an extensive 12-month field trial.
A robotic baggage loading system was installed at Zurich in 2004 for an extensive 12-month field trial.
 Two three-lane de-icing pads greatly reduce the amount of time aircraft need to spend on the ground in the winter.
Two three-lane de-icing pads greatly reduce the amount of time aircraft need to spend on the ground in the winter.
 The fifth expansion includes 429,000m² of new taxiway.
The fifth expansion includes 429,000m² of new taxiway.
Zurich Airport is now able to handle up to 80 flight movements an hour.
Zurich Airport is now able to handle up to 80 flight movements an hour.
 Construction work started in January 2000 and the new airside facilities were phased into operation at this busy airport up to mid-2005.
Construction work started in January 2000 and the new airside facilities were phased into operation at this busy airport up to mid-2005.
 Zurich Airport's airside centre with a piano bar.
Zurich Airport's airside centre with a piano bar.
The Zurich Airport fifth expansion has been criticised.
The Zurich Airport fifth expansion has been criticised.
 The mid-field terminal has made Zurich Airport more efficient.
The mid-field terminal has made Zurich Airport more efficient.
 Zurich's passenger traffic is now recovering to the levels of just before 2001.
Zurich's passenger traffic is now recovering to the levels of just before 2001.
The Zurich Airport expansion has led to the introduction of more retail outlets which generate revenue.
The Zurich Airport expansion has led to the introduction of more retail outlets which generate revenue.
 The construction of the new runway includes 500,000m³ of soil, 650,000m³ of sand, 750,000t of foundation material, 270,000t of asphalt and 130km of drainage.<br><br>(Photo courtesy of Aerophoto-Schiphol b.v.)
The construction of the new runway includes 500,000m³ of soil, 650,000m³ of sand, 750,000t of foundation material, 270,000t of asphalt and 130km of drainage.

(Photo courtesy of Aerophoto-Schiphol b.v.)
 Polderbaan is 3,800m long and 75m wide. The Polderbaan is located 2,100m north of Zwanenburgbaan, the 01L-19R runway. The northern tip of the runway is approximately 7km from the Amsterdam Airport Schiphol control tower.
Polderbaan is 3,800m long and 75m wide. The Polderbaan is located 2,100m north of Zwanenburgbaan, the 01L-19R runway. The northern tip of the runway is approximately 7km from the Amsterdam Airport Schiphol control tower.
Replacement of rainwater sewage pipes under Runway 09-27.
Replacement of rainwater sewage pipes under Runway 09-27.
 The viaduct that will be used as a taxiway has been constructed above one of the main waterways in the Schiphol area.
The viaduct that will be used as a taxiway has been constructed above one of the main waterways in the Schiphol area.
 The automatic border passage system utilises iris registration. A photograph is taken of the iris and the image is subsequently encoded and recorded on the chip of a personal smart card.
The automatic border passage system utilises iris registration. A photograph is taken of the iris and the image is subsequently encoded and recorded on the chip of a personal smart card.
The automatic border passage system process involves a second photograph of the iris being taken at the 'border'. If the iris information matches the data on the smart card, the passenger can proceed to the gate.
The automatic border passage system process involves a second photograph of the iris being taken at the 'border'. If the iris information matches the data on the smart card, the passenger can proceed to the gate.
 Amsterdam Airport Schiphol will begin operating the new main runway in phases culminating in the full opening from November 1, 2003.<br><br>(Photo courtesy of Aerophoto-Schiphol b.v.)
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol will begin operating the new main runway in phases culminating in the full opening from November 1, 2003.

(Photo courtesy of Aerophoto-Schiphol b.v.)
 Madrid Barajas airport has embarked on a €2.91bn expansion programme.
Madrid Barajas airport has embarked on a €2.91bn expansion programme.
The new terminal building will have an annual capacity of 35 million passengers.
The new terminal building will have an annual capacity of 35 million passengers.
 The wing-shaped building will have a total floor area of over 470,000m² and is designed with a wide range of environmentally friendly, energy consumption reducing installations.
The wing-shaped building will have a total floor area of over 470,000m² and is designed with a wide range of environmentally friendly, energy consumption reducing installations.
The new satellite building will be capable of handling an additional 15 million passengers a year.
The new satellite building will be capable of handling an additional 15 million passengers a year.
The new terminal will host an automatic baggage handling system, capable of handling up to 16,500 pieces of luggage an hour.
The new terminal will host an automatic baggage handling system, capable of handling up to 16,500 pieces of luggage an hour.
 The interior length of the new terminal at Madrid Barajas International seems to go on forever.
The interior length of the new terminal at Madrid Barajas International seems to go on forever.
 The innovative wave style structure of the roof of Madrid Barajas's new terminal building.
The innovative wave style structure of the roof of Madrid Barajas's new terminal building.
The terminal roof has glass domes to let in natural light.
The terminal roof has glass domes to let in natural light.
 With the new T4 facility Barajas is now designed to handle 70 million passengers annually.
With the new T4 facility Barajas is now designed to handle 70 million passengers annually.
 The Madrid Barajas new terminal has an automatic baggage handling system capable of handling up to 16,500 pieces of luggage an hour.
The Madrid Barajas new terminal has an automatic baggage handling system capable of handling up to 16,500 pieces of luggage an hour.
Graphical representation of the new terminal from the taxiway.
Graphical representation of the new terminal from the taxiway.
 Architect's side elevation of terminal building showing the wave shape of roof.
Architect's side elevation of terminal building showing the wave shape of roof.
 Graphical representation of the new terminal from the passenger entrance.
Graphical representation of the new terminal from the passenger entrance.
Roof design showing four-limbed tree columns supporting a lightweight single span curved roof deck.
Roof design showing four-limbed tree columns supporting a lightweight single span curved roof deck.
 Wide-bodied aircraft using the new taxiway.
Wide-bodied aircraft using the new taxiway.
 Construction site of the new terminal.
Construction site of the new terminal.
Barcelona International Airport's new air traffic control tower.
Barcelona International Airport's new air traffic control tower.
 El Prat's airport expansion project overall.
El Prat's airport expansion project overall.
 The commercial area of the new Barcelona Airport terminal.
The commercial area of the new Barcelona Airport terminal.
The new terminal in use with terminal gates.
The new terminal in use with terminal gates.
 The existing terminal at Barcelona airport provides links to 50 European Union cities.
The existing terminal at Barcelona airport provides links to 50 European Union cities.
Airport terminal facilities for the reception of aircraft.
Airport terminal facilities for the reception of aircraft.
A map showing the position of Barcelona International Airport and the major surrounding population centres.
A map showing the position of Barcelona International Airport and the major surrounding population centres.
An Iberian Airlines 747 taking off from Barcelona International airport.
An Iberian Airlines 747 taking off from Barcelona International airport.
Model of the airport terminals including the new additions.
Model of the airport terminals including the new additions.
Side elevation drawings of the new Terminal North Two building.
Side elevation drawings of the new Terminal North Two building.
 Map of Prague-Ruzyne Airport.
Map of Prague-Ruzyne Airport.
 Construction of the water purification facility.
Construction of the water purification facility.
Construction of the connecting building.
Construction of the connecting building.
 Construction of road supports.
Construction of road supports.
 The Pier C arrival and departure gate area (three levels) is located northwest of the new terminal.
The Pier C arrival and departure gate area (three levels) is located northwest of the new terminal.
A two-storey building, accommodating new technology and a large retail area, connects the old and new terminals.
A two-storey building, accommodating new technology and a large retail area, connects the old and new terminals.
 The Terminal North Two building.
The Terminal North Two building.
 Construction of pier C.
Construction of pier C.
The site of the Terminal North Two building.
The site of the Terminal North Two building.
 The baggage-handling system at Prague-Ruzyne Airport.
The baggage-handling system at Prague-Ruzyne Airport.
 Prague-Ruzyne main airport departure concourse with flight information display.
Prague-Ruzyne main airport departure concourse with flight information display.
One of the new boarding bridges in terminal north two.
One of the new boarding bridges in terminal north two.
 Prague-Ruzyne airport has new fire stations and new fire rescue vehicles.
Prague-Ruzyne airport has new fire stations and new fire rescue vehicles.
 Prague-Ruzyne Airport multi-storey car park.
Prague-Ruzyne Airport multi-storey car park.
In response to a significant increase in passenger numbers, Domodedovo International Airport is undergoing a major expansion programme.
In response to a significant increase in passenger numbers, Domodedovo International Airport is undergoing a major expansion programme.
 The current terminal is coping well with the increased passenger numbers during 2005.
The current terminal is coping well with the increased passenger numbers during 2005.
 DME is currently the only airport in Russia with a direct rail link to a terminal in the capital.
DME is currently the only airport in Russia with a direct rail link to a terminal in the capital.
The BA Navigator Club Lounge opened in 2003.
The BA Navigator Club Lounge opened in 2003.